GLAUCOMA MEDICATIONS
| Category | Generic Name | Brand Name | Strength | Dosage | Mechanism | Side Effects |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beta-Blockers | Timoptic, Timoptic XE**, Ocudose*, Timoptic-Gel*** | 0.25%, 0.5% | 2x Day | Reduces aqueous secretion | Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Heart Block | |
| Non-Selective | Timolol Hemihydrase | Betimolol | 2x Day | |||
| Levobunolol HCL | Betagan | 0.25%, 0.5% | 2x Day | |||
| Metipropranolol | Optipranolol | 0.3% | 2x Day | |||
| Carteolol HCL | Ocupress | 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 1% | 2x Day | |||
| Cap Color: Yellow | ||||||
| Selective | Betaxolol HCL | Betoptic | 0.25%, 1% | 2x Day | ||
| Cap Color: Blue | ||||||
| Alpha2 Adrenergic Agonist | Apraclonidine | Iopidine | 0.5%, 1% | 2 – 3x Day | Reduces aqueous secretion | Irritation, topical sensitivity, vasovagal attack |
| Bromonidine tartrate | Alphagan | 0.2% | 2 – 3x Day | |||
| Cap Color: Purple for Alphagan, and White for Apraclonidine | ||||||
| Non-Selective | Epinephrine | Epifrin | 0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2% | 2x Day | Improves the aqueous outflow (More fluid leaves the eye because the outflow facility works better.) | Hypertension (high blood pressure), aphakia (patients who have had cataract surgery and a lens was not placed in the eye at the time of surgery), soft contact lens, narrow angles are concerns. |
| Adrenergic Agonists | Epinephrine HCL | Glaucon | 1%, 2% | 2x Day | Hypertension (high blood pressure), aphakia (patients who have had cataract surgery and a lens was not placed in the eye at the time of surgery), soft contact lens, narrow angles are concerns. | |
| Epinephrine Borate | Epinal, Eppy/N | 0.5%, 1%, 2% | 2x Day | Irritation, adrenochrome deposits (little black spots seen on the conjunctiva of the affected eye), allergy, rebound hyperemia, blurred vision, mydriasis (pupils are larger), cystoid macular edema in aphakia (swelling in the back of the eye), hypertension, extra systoles, headache | ||
| Epinephrine Bitrartrate | Epitrate | 2% | 2x Day | Irritation, adrenochrome deposits (little black spots seen on the conjunctiva of the affected eye), allergy, rebound hyperemia, blurred vision, mydriasis (pupils are larger), cystoid macular edema in aphakia (swelling in the back of the eye), hypertension, extra systoles, headache | ||
| Dipivefrin | Propine | 0.1% | 2x Day | Irritation, adrenochrome deposits (little black spots seen on the conjunctiva of the affected eye), allergy, rebound hyperemia, blurred vision, mydriasis (pupils are larger), cystoid macular edema in aphakia (swelling in the back of the eye), hypertension, extra systoles, headache | ||
| Cap Color:Dipivefrin white top | ||||||
| Prostaglandins Inhibitors | Latanopros | Xalatan | 0.005% | Every day | Improves uveoscleral outflow | Iris pigmentation, hypertrichosis, cystoid macular edema, may aggravate herpes virus. |
| Cap Color: White | ||||||
| Parasympathomimetic Agents | Pilocarpine HCL | Isoptocarpine | 0.25% – 10% | 4x Day | Improves aqueous outflow | Miosis (small pupils), decreased night vision, variable induced myopia (nearsighttedness). |
| Cholinergic | Pilocar | 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 6% | 4x Day | |||
| Pilopine HS gel | 4% | Every day | ||||
| Ocusert Pilo | 20 & 40 | Every week | ||||
| Pilocarpine nitrate | Pilagan | 1%, 2%, 4% | ||||
| 1%, 2%, 4% | Isopto Carbachol | 0.75%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3% | Brow ache, exacerbation of visual defect from cartaract, cataractogenic. | |||
| Cap Color: Green | Induced angle closure, retinal tear or detachment. | |||||
| Anticholinesterase | Echothiophate | Phospholine | 0.03%, 0.06%, 0.125%, 0.25% | 1 – 2x Day | Improves aqueous outflow | General anesthesia, eye surgery, retinal detachment and cataract surgery are concerns. |
| Demecarium Bromide | Humerosol | 0.125%, 0.25% | 1 – 2x Day | Intense miosis, iris pigment epithelial cysts, induced myopia, cataract, retinal detachment, paradoxical angle closure, punctal stenosis, intense bleeding and inflammation with eye surgery, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, enuresis, prolonged recover from succinylcholine. | ||
| Physostigmine | Eserine ointment | 0.25% | 1 – 2x Day | Intense miosis, iris pigment epithelial cysts, induced myopia, cataract, retinal detachment, paradoxical angle closure, punctal stenosis, intense bleeding and inflammation with eye surgery, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, enuresis, prolonged recover from succinylcholine. | ||
| Isopto Eserine | 0.25%, 0.5% | 1 – 2x Day | ||||
| Combination Medications | Timolol Maleate & Dorzolamide HCL | Cosopt | 2x Day | Similar to Betablockers & topical carbonic anhydrase | Similar to Betablockers and topical carbonic anhydrase | |
| Latanoprost & Timolol maleate | Unknown, this is an investigational drug | 1x Day? | ||||
| Epinephrine Bitartrate & Pilocarpine HCL | 4x Day | Similar to Pilocarpine & Epinephrine | Similar to Pilocarpine and Epinephrine | |||
| E-Pilo 1 | 1% | 4x Day | Similar to Pilocarpine and Epinephrine | Similar to Pilocarpine and Epinephrine | ||
| E-Pilo 2 | 2% | 4x Day | Similar to Pilocarpine and Epinephrine | Similar to Pilocarpine and Epinephrine | ||
| E-Pilo 3 | 3% | 4x Day | Similar to Pilocarpine and Epinephrine | Similar to Pilocarpine and Epinephrine | ||
| E-Pilo 4 | 4% | 4x Day | Similar to Pilocarpine and Epinephrine | Similar to Pilocarpine and Epinephrine | ||
| E-Pilo 6 | 6% | 4x Day | Similar to Pilocarpine and Epinephrine | Similar to Pilocarpine and Epinephrine | ||
| Cap Color:yellow top, but box is two tone (orange and yellow) | ||||||
| Unknown cap color for latanoprost and timolol maleate. | ||||||
| Epinephrine combination drops are green | ||||||
| Carbonic Anydrase Inhibitors | ||||||
| Topical | Dorzolamide | Trusopt | 2% | 2 – 3x Day | Reduces aqueous secretion | Lethargy, depression, weight loss, acidosis, renal stones, bonemarrow depression. |
| Brinzolamide | Azopt | 1% | 2 – 3x Day | Reduces aqueous secretion | Paresthesias (tingling of the hand and the feet), malaise, anorexia, renal stones, impotence, loss of libido, mental depression, hypokalemia, acidosis, aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis. | |
| Oral | Acetazolamide | Diamox | 125mg, 250mg | 4x Day | Reduces aqueous secretion | Paresthesias (tingling of the hand and the feet), malaise, anorexia, renal stones, impotence, loss of libido, mental depression, hypokalemia, acidosis, aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis. |
| Acetazolamide | Diamox Sequels | 500mg | 2x Day | Reduces aqueous secretion | Abdominal cramps, diarrhea, nausea | |
| Dichlorphenamide | Daranide | 50mg | Reduces aqueous secretion | |||
| Methazolamide | Neptazane | 25mg, 50mg | 2 – 3x Day | Reduces aqueous secretion | ||
| IV | Acetazolamide | Dosages according to body weight | ||||
| Cap Color: topical drops have orange tops | ||||||
| Hyperosmotic Agents | Glycerine | oral | Per body weight | Reduces intraocular pressure | ||
| Isosorbide | oral | Per body weigh | ||||
| Mannitol | Intravenous (IV) | Per body weight |
PATIENT REGISTRATION
If you are planning a visit, complete our online patient registration form and have the names of medications you are taking handy before you begin. Also any family history including dates, illness, and relationship.
